most important html codes and tags
The HTML language is the language with which web pages are written and that browsers understand, so that the way information is displayed is determined (what types, sizes and colors of the letters, where to place the images, how to link to other pages,
Structure of a web page
<html>
<head>
<title>Pepe's first page</title>
</head>
<body>
This is the first page of Pepe
</body>
</html>
<HTML> … </HTML>
It delimits and encompasses the entire web page, which consists of a header and body.
<HEAD> … </HEAD>
It delimits and encompasses the header of a page, which contains a set of information that is not shown in the window, including the title of the page, but that can help browsers and search engines to correctly interpret or find the page.
<TITLE> … </TITLE>
Inside the header (HEAD), what is included here is displayed in the title bar of the browser window.
metadata
The header supports many other tags (see note 6 and 6.1.)
<BODY> … </BODY>
It delimits and encompasses the body of the page, which is the set of information (text and images) that are displayed on the page, as well as the indications of how they should be displayed.
Supports attributes (see jac 8 and note 5.3 and 14.3).
paragraph formats
The text of the page can be structured in headings of the different sections of the page, which can have different levels from 1 to 6 (1 being the most important) and normal paragraphs.
<H1> ... </H1> or <H2> ... </H2> (up to 6)
Paragraphs that are headings (with different levels).
<P>... </P>
normal paragraphs.
<P align="center">... </P>
The align attribute allows you to align the text of the paragraph. The same can be applied to <H1>, <H2> tags, etc...
<BR>
Allows you to break a paragraph by starting a new line but without leaving a space.
<HR>
Put a horizontal line of separation. (admits attributes) (see note 11.1).
<BLOCKQUOTE>…</BLOCKQUOTE>
text formats
Character formatting allows you to change the font type as well as its size and appearance.
Various HTML tags can be used to give different formats to a group of characters:
Physical Formats:
Bold: <B>…</B>
Italics: <I>…</I>
Underscore: <U>…</U>
Ticker: <TT>…</TT>
Strikethrough: <STRIKE>…</STRIKE>
Large: <BIG>…</BIG>
Small: <SMALL>…</SMALL>
Superscript: <SUP>…</SUP>
Subscript: <SUB>…</SUB>
Logical Formats:
Citation: <CITE>…</CITE>
Code: <CODE>…</CODE>
Definition: <DFN>…</DFN>
Emphasis: <EM>…</EM>
Thick: <STRONG>…</STRONG>
Keywords: <KEY>…</KEY>
Examples: <SAMP>…</SAMP>
User: <KBD>…</KBD>
Variables: <VAR>…</VAR>
Literal example: <XMP>...</XMP> (ignore HTML tags inside)
Possibility of combining labels (nesting them, that is, one inside another):
<B>…<I>…</I>…</B> (Correct)
<B>…<I>…</B>…</I> (Wrong)
<FONT COLOR="red"> ... </FONT>
Express indication of the font to use, in this case the color (see jac 8.2)
<FONT SIZE="+1"> ... </FONT>
Express indication of the font to use, in this case the size (see jac 8.1-second part)
The FONT tag allows any combination of the COLOR, SIZE, and FACE attributes.
Special characters
There is a series of ISO-LATIN-1 characters that cannot be directly represented in an HTML document, since they are part of the language's own vocabulary, such as the symbols <, >, &, etc.
Additionally, accented vowels and some punctuation marks must be specified differently, since browsers may not understand the code of the character used and convert it to a different one.
The most used special characters are:
á; to
é and
í i
ó or
ú or
à to
&ñ; ñ
< <
> >
& &
ç ç
" “
blank space
(see note 10.1)
lists
(see note 7)
<UL> ... </UL>
Numbered list.
<OL> ... </OL>
Unnumbered list.
<LI> ... </LI>
Elements of a list.
Links
They are used to access from one page to another page or to another available resource (see point 15).
<a href="http://server/resource.html">link text</a>
Absolute link to a page
<a href="resource.html">link text</a>
Link relative to a page
<a name="marker"> ... </a>
Bookmark (internal link) within a page
<a href="#bookmark">link text</a>
Link to a bookmark of the same page
<a href="resource.html#bookmark">link text</a>
Link to a bookmark of another page (which can be given with absolute or relative address)
<a href="resource.html" target="_blank">link text</a>
Link to another page (absolute or relative, bookmarked or unbookmarked) that opens in another window.
Images
<img src="name.gif">
Displays an image, which is usually of type GIF or JPG
Supports attributes
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